Tratamento cirúrgico de fraturas em terço médio de face: relato de caso / Surgical treatment of fractures in middle face third: case report

Fraturas dos ossos da face são injúrias que podem causar graves danos estéticos, funcionais e psicológicos. Os acidentes motociclísticos estão entre os fatores etiológicos mais frequentes de traumatismos no terço médio da face. Este relato de caso objetiva descrever o atendimento de um paciente do sexo masculino, 31 anos, vítima de acidente motociclístico com múltiplas fraturas no terço médio da face. As imagens obtidas por meio da tomografia computadorizada evidenciaram traços de fratura no Complexo Zigomático Orbital esquerdo, palato e na maxila. Sob anestesia geral foram realizados a redução e fixações das fraturas, priorizando uma oclusão dentária funcional e o restabelecimento da projeção facial na região zigomática. Paciente em acompanhamento pós-operatório de 40 dias, apresentando remissão das alterações clínicas decorrentes das fraturas. Fraturas de face desta complexidade devem ser manejadas por profissionais experientes para ofertar a melhor opção de tratamento, visto que o mesmo repercute tanto na estética quanto função.

Fractures of the facial bones are injuries that can cause serious aesthetic, functional and psychological damage. Motorcycle accidents are among the most frequent etiological factors of trauma in the middle third of the face. This case report aims to describe the care of a male patient, 31 years old, victim of a motorcycle accident with multiple fractures in the middle third of the face. The images obtained through computed tomography showed traces of fracture in the left orbital zygomatic complex, palate and in the maxilla. Under general anesthesia, fracture reduction and fixation were performed, prioritizing functional dental occlusion and restoring facial projection in the zygomatic region. Patient undergoing 40-day postoperative follow-up, showing remission of clinical changes resulting from fractures. Face fractures of this complexity must be handled by experienced professionals to offer the best treatment option, since it has an impact on both aesthetics and function.

Mandibular traumas by gunshot. A systematic review with meta-analysis and algorithm of treatment.

The treatment of mandibular fractures by gunshot ranges from late conservative repair to more aggressive early repair in a single stage. Treatments that preserve bony architecture as much as possible should be used, minimising patient morbidity and the complexity of future surgeries. The purpose of this study was to use a systematic review to determine which method of treatment was most effective for mandibular fractures by gunshot. Searches were conducted on Medline via PubMed, Scopus, Central Cochrane, and Sigle via Open Grey up to August 2019. Four studies were eligible to this systematic review, considering the previously establish inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 211 patients were evaluated. The mandibular body was the region more fractured followed by the symphyseal/parasymphyseal region. The closed treatment with intermaxillary fixation (IMF) was the most used followed by open surgery with internal rigid fixation (IRF) and external fixator. Considering the total adverse effects, the meta-analysis showed no statistically significant difference between the IMF and IRF groups (p=0.840), but IMF showed five times less infection and IRF six times less malunion. The algorithm was delineated from the types of injuries by gunshot, proposing forms of treatment from initial stabilisation to functional rehabilitation with implant-supported prostheses. The treatment of mandibular fractures by gunshot remains a challenge for surgeons. There was a statistically significant prevalence of success in the IRF group, however this group was also associated with a higher index of infection than the IMF group. New studies with high methodological quality and larger numbers of participants are needed to offer more safety for surgeons who treat patients with mandibular fractures by gunshot.

Celulite orbital por rinossinusite maxilar, etmoidal e frontal em paciente adulto: relato de caso / Orbital cellulitis by maxillary, etmoidal and frontal rhinosinusitis in an adult patient: case report

A celulite orbital é uma complicação incomum após quadro de rinossinusite. O objetivo do presente trabalho é relatar um caso de um paciente do sexo masculino, adulto-jovem, 22 anos de idade, que compareceu ao serviço de emergência apresentando edema periorbitário direito, proptose, oftalmoplegia, cefaléia, obstrução nasal e febre. O diagnóstico foi realizado por uma equipe multidisciplinar. A tomografia computadorizada pré-operatória apresentou edema difuso em região periorbitária direita, velamento dos seios: maxilar, esfenoidal e frontal ipsilateral. O paciente foi internado para abordagem cirúrgica e antibioticoterapia. A celulite orbitária associada a rinossinusite é uma complicação rara, sendo comum em crianças, que necessita de um diagnóstico e abordagem multidisciplinar e precoce para evitar extensões cranianas... (AU)

Orbital cellulitis is an uncommon complication after rhinosinusitis. The aim of the present study is to report a case of a 22-year-old male patient, young, 22 years old, who attended the emergency department with right periorbital edema, proptosis, ophthalmoplegia, headache, nasal obstruction and fever. The diagnosis was made by a multidisciplinary team. Preoperative computed tomography showed diffuse edema in the right periorbital region, veiling of the sinuses: maxillary, sphenoidal and ipsilateral frontal. The patient was admitted for surgical approach and antibiotic therapy. Orbital cellulitis associated with rhinosinusitis is a rare complication, common in children, which requires a multidisciplinary and early diagnosis and approach to avoid cranial extensions... (AU)

Sensitive nerve function measurement in facial trauma: An observational study.

BACKGROUND: Facial trauma is responsible for various types of health damage and may be functional or aesthetic. Depending on the degree of energy released in this type of trauma, sometimes an irreversibility degree is obtained. This study aimed to perform an objective evaluation of traumatic peripheral nerve injuries resulting from mandibular fractures and midface, using silicon monofilaments. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This was an observational, cross-sectional study. All patients with maxillofacial fractures, who were hospitalized by the department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of Instituto Dr. José Frota Hospital, were randomly recruited and screened for inclusion in the present study. Sixty patients, victims of automobile accidents or firearms, were evaluated using Semmes Weinstein monofilaments in the regions corresponding to the mental and infraorbital nerves, right and left. RESULTS: The highest frequencies mandibular nerve changes were those that there was a loss protective sensation, but in which, the patient can feel deep pressure and pain; In which the worst sensory alterations occurred in patients' victims of firearm. In the middle third of the face, the worst alterations were those that there was a loss of the protective and discriminating sensation for hot and cold. CONCLUSIONS: The use of monofilaments is a support tool in oral and maxillofacial traumatology for the diagnosis and monitoring of peripheral sensory alterations. Key words:Peripheral nerve injuries, facial trauma, wounds and injuries, accidents, traffic, violence.

Surgical Treatment of Bilateral Atrophic Mandible Fracture.

Poor proprioception, weakness, and impaired reflexes increase the incidence of facial fracture in the elderly. Mandibular fractures in these people range from 10.1% to 56%. Fragment reduction and fracture consolidation are difficult due to bone atrophy, decreased capacity for bone regeneration, and lack of anatomical landmarks to guide the alignment of the fragments. This study reports 2 patients with different conducts regarding the treatment of bilateral fractures in atrophic mandible. The first patient refers to the removal of plates of the 2.4 mm system with low profile, which failed during the mandibular function, being replaced by the 2.4 mm system with high profile. The 2nd clinical reports the use of the 2.0 mm system only to simplify the mandibular fracture, and then reconstructing that with a 2.4-mm system with high profile, using the load bearing principles. Regarding mandibular fractures, an important goal is to neutralize the muscle action aiming the bone stability. There are several methods to treat that the indication should consider the load bearing and load sharing concepts. The incorrect fixation choice in these patients can result in complications as bad union, material failure, infection, and consequent treatment failure.

Manejo bucomaxilofacial de tecidos moles e duros após queda de bicicleta: relato de caso / Bucomaxilofacial management handling of moles and hard tissues after bicycle fall: case report

Introdução: A face é a região do corpo humano mais projetada o qual propicia a lesões traumáticas com importantes sequelas. Esta, desempenha funções estéticas e funcionais como as expressões faciais. As reconstruções dos tecidos devem ser realizadas com a finalidade de restabelecer a funcionalidade, assimetria e o contorno da região. Devese dar importância as características dos tecidos moles lesionados, o qual deve ser reconstituído com a aparência mais próxima ao local da lesão. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo relatar a reconstrução do lábio superior e do alvéolo-dentário imediatamente após um acidente ciclístico. Relato de caso: Paciente do sexo masculino, 26 anos de idade, normossistêmico, compareceu ao serviço de emergência de Cirurgia e Traumatologia Buco-Maxilo-Facial devido a uma queda de bicicleta, a qual teria sido ocasionada pela quebra do garfo, o qual evoluiu com laceração em lábio superior e fratura dentro-alveolar. Foi realizado a reconstrução do lábio superior e alvéolos dentários. O paciente evoluiu 45 dias do pós-operatório com discreta cicatriz e função preservada. Considerações finais: Os traumas por bicicleta podem ter graves consequências orofaciais. Constata-se a indispensável avaliação profissional quanto as características dos tecidos moles e dento-alveolares, possibilitando ao paciente o retorno estético e funcional... (AU)

Introduction: The face is the region of the most projected human body which leads to traumatic injuries with important sequelae. It performs aesthetic and functional functions such as facial expressions. Tissue reconstructions should be performed with the purpose of restoring the functionality, asymmetry and contour of the region. The characteristics of lesioned soft tissues should be considered, which should be reconstituted with the appearance closest to the lesion site. The aim of the present study is to report the reconstruction of the upper lip and the dental alveolus immediately after a cycling accident. Case report: Male patient, 26 years of age, normossemic, attended the emergency service of Buco-Maxillo-Facial Surgery and Traumatology due to a bicycle fall, which would have been caused by the fork breaking, which evolved with laceration in the lip superiority and in-alveolar fracture. A reconstruction of the upper lip and dental alveoli was performed. The patient evolved 45 days postoperatively with discrete scar and preserved function. Final considerations: Bicycle traumas can have serious orofacial consequences. It is necessary to evaluate the professional characteristics of the soft and dentoalveolar tissues, allowing the patient to return aesthetic and functional... (AU)

Removal of Foreign Bodies in Orbit-Zygomatic-Maxillary Complex.

Trauma is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Due to its anatomy and position in the facial skeleton, the orbit becomes a region susceptible to trauma which may also involve the penetration of foreign bodies (FBs). These events can have serious repercussions depending on their extent due to the proximity of the orbit with other noble structures of the face and skull. Because of this, a system of prehospital management of traumas must be established, in order to promote a better prognosis for patients. The present study aims to report the case of a patient suffering from a motorcycle accident with multiple fragments of FBs in the region of orbit-zygomatic-maxillary complex. The emergency surgical removal of the fragments was performed by a multidisciplinary team, involving Ophthalmology and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Traumatology (OMST). Wound cleansing and debridement were performed with subsequent removal of the foreign bodies by the OMST team, in addition to the reduction and fixation of related fractures. As for Ophthalmology, the evisceration of the affected eye was performed due to its anatomical and functional impairment. The patient is 12 months postoperatively, with no aesthetic or functional complaints regarding OMST. The anatomical knowledge of the traumatized region, besides the establishment of the conduct regarding the removal of possible associated foreign bodies are required so that the success of the treatment can be obtained, aiming to minimize the damages to the patient.

A retrospective study of an alternative technique for implant repositioning in the maxillary esthetic region.

BACKGROUND: Implant-bone block segment repositioning may be an option of treatment for patients with vertical alveolar bone atrophy. PURPOSE: To assess implant-bone block movement, gingival outcome and the subjective appreciation of patients after an alternative treatment of an implant-bone block segment repositioning in the maxillary esthetic region. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients who underwent implant-bone block segment relocation in areas of vertical alveolar bone atrophy in the anterior esthetic region were assessed. The outcome measures were implant failure, complications after initial loading, vertical bone augmentation, papilla index, width of the keratinized mucosa, and patient satisfaction. RESULTS: Twenty-five implants in nine consecutive patients were included in this study. During the follow-up period, only one implant failed. Vertical bone augmentation ranged from 3.0 to 8.4 mm (mean 4.9 mm). A significant improvement (P < .001) in the papilla index was observed, improving the esthetic outcome. Six patients (66.6%) had more than 2 mm of keratinized mucosa and all of the patients were satisfied with the treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The esthetics and functional gingival outcome of oral rehabilitation in areas with vertical alveolar bone atrophy can be successfully improved with the presented technique, which had a high overall implant survival rate within a short period.

Condyle Fractures: Impact of Surgical and Conservative Approaches on Oral Health.

The aim of this study is to assess the impact of oral health on the quality of life of patients who underwent conservative or surgical treatment for mandibular condylar fracture. A retrospective study was conducted, and 24 patients with condylar fracture were selected and underwent surgical or conservative treatment. Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) was utilized to evaluate the patients. The angles of condylar fracture were measured in panoramic and Towne radiographs using the ImageJ software, and the results were compared to the results of the OHIP-14 questionnaire. Condylar fractures had a negative impact on the patients' quality of life in pretreatment assessment. After conservative and surgical treatments, the condylar fracture had a low impact on the patients' quality of life. Greater fracture alignment was obtained in patients treated by open reduction. A low level of correlation was observed between fracture alignment and changes in OHIP-14 of the patients studied. In conclusion, the study showed a significant improvement in the quality of life in the post-treatment period of the sample assessed. However, in patients selected for this study, no difference was found in the quality of life between the surgically and conservatively treated groups.

Rapid Prototyping as an Auxiliary in Mandibular Reconstructions.

The reconstruction of mandible is a challenge with regard to aesthetic and reconstructive demands. The etiology of mandibular fractures is variable, trauma, pathology, bone infections. There are many materials that provide an excellent form of rehabilitation for these defects, where the autogenous graft presents important characteristics that favor a greater success rate. Furthermore, the rapid prototyping method is quite interesting, because it brings a series of advantages to the surgeon, like reducing the operative time, among others. The purpose of the present article is to describe a clinical case of a patient with mandible bone defect caused by gunshot perforation, treated through iliac crest bone graft with planning through rapid prototyping. The mandibular reconstruction can present a real challenge for the surgeon. Biomodels should be required in complex cases because they help to decrease surgical time and to increase the predictability of the procedure.

Perfil Epidemiológico dos Pacientes com Fraturas / Epidemiological Profile of Patients with Fracture

Introdução: Os acidentes motociclísticos estão entre as causas mais frequentes de traumatismos faciais. O fato de a motocicleta ser um veículo leve e de fácil condução e o descumprimento à legislação atual contribuem para o aumento da incidência e da gravidade dessas fraturas. Metodologia: Foram entrevistados 123 pacientes, momento em que foram colhidas as seguintes variáveis: Dependentes: Faixa etária, gênero, local de procedência, uso de capacete, se havia ingerido bebida alcoólica antes do acidente, se possuia habilitação para motocicleta, ossos faciais fraturados e lesões em outras áreas do corpo. As fraturas faciais bem como as fraturas em outras áreas do corpo foram diagnosticadas após exame clínico e imaginológico. Resultados: Houve uma predominância de indivíduos do gênero masculino (85,4%) e de pacientes provenientes de cidades do interior do estado do Ceará (61,8%). Fraturas múltiplas da face ocorreram em 49,6% dos pacientes pesquisados. A maioria dos pacientes não utilizavam capacetes ou não possuíam habilitação (75,6% e 73,2%, respectivamente.), e 38,2% haviam ingerido bebida alcoólica antes do acidente. Foi observado ainda que 20.3% dos pacientes apresentavam fraturas em outros ossos do corpo que não a face. Conclusão: Observa-se que os acidentes motociclísticos correspondem a uma grande parcela das fraturas faciais e que a maior parte desses acidentes estão associados ao descumprimento da legislação... (AU)

Introduction: motorcycle accidents are among the most common causes of facial trauma. The fact that the motorcycle be a light vehicle and within easy driving and breach the current legislation contribute to the increased incidence and severity of these fractures. Methodology: We interviewed 123 patients, at which the following variables were collected: Dependents: age range, gender, place of origin, helmet use, if had been drinking before the accident, it has qualified for motorcycle, fractured facial bones and lesions in other areas of the body. Facial fractures and fractures in other areas of the body were diagnosed after clinical examination and imaginologic. Results: There was a predominance of male (85.4%) and patients from cities in the state of Ceará (61.8%). Multiple facial fractures occurred in 49.6% of patients surveyed. Most patients did not use helmets or had no qualifications (75.6% and 73.2% respectively.) And 38.2% had been drinking before the accident. It was also observed that 20.3% of patients had fractures in other bones of the body other than the face. Conclusion: It is observed that motorcycle accidents account for a large portion of facial fractures and that most of these accidents are associated with the breach of the legislation... (AU)

Surgical Treatment of Posttraumatic Ophthalmoplegia Through the Reconstruction of the Lateral Orbital Wall.

Orbital fractures are injuries frequently related to traumas of the midface. These fractures can be associated with ocular lesions, ranging from small abrasions on the cornea to serious complications such as hyphema and ocular globe rupture. Diplopia and ophthalmoplegia are common findings in orbital fractures. They can be caused by mechanical factors as bone fragments or muscle imprisonment. The aim of this study was to report a case of a 40-year patient, male showing diplopia and ophthalmoplegia due to the orbital fracture. The patient was treated by general anesthesia. It was performed a supra orbital approach and the fragments were removed. A titanium mesh to restore the orbital anatomy was installed. After 40 days of follow-up, the patient has no aesthetic or functional complaints. In orbital traumas, the ophthalmological evaluation should be performed carefully aiming to avoid ocular sequelaes. In surgical patients, the surgery should be done as early as the clinical conditions permit, to restore the ocular function.

Fasceíte necrotizante cérvico-facial provocada por infecção odontogênica / Cervicofacial necrotizing fasciitis caused by odontogenic infection

As infecções odontogênicas são ocorrências comuns para um cirurgião bucomaxilofacial. O manejo desta condição é bastante variável, porém a remoção da causa é o tratamento definitivo para qualquer condição infecciosa presente. A utilização de antibacterianos e analgésicos é comum nestes casos e as condições de saúde de cada indivíduo também contribuem para o manejo do tratamento. Infecções odontogênicas podem evoluir rapidamente para uma condição conhecida como fasceíte necrotizante, onde se instala a necrose dos tecidos moles associados à cabeça ou pescoço. Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar o tratamento de uma paciente com fasceíte necrotizante na face, associada à infecção odontogênica (AU).

Odontogenic infections are common occurrences to the oral and maxillofacial surgeon. The management of this condition is quite variable, but removal of the cause is definitive treatment for any infectious conditions. The use of antibacterials and analgesics is common in these cases and the health conditions of each individual also contribute to the treatment management. Odontogenic infections can progress rapidly to a condition known as necrotizing fasciitis, where necrosis of the soft tissues associated with the head or neck is established. This article aims to present the treatment of a patient with face necrotizing fasciitis associated with odontogenic infection (AU).

Regeneração óssea completa da maxila com atrofia severa utilizando telas de titânio e rhBMP-2 / Complete bone regeneration of severely atrophic maxilla using titanium meshes and rhBMP-2 ­ a case report

Diversas técnicas já foram propostas para viabilizar a reabilitação de pacientes com atrofias severas de maxila, como instalação de implantes zigomáticos, regenerações ósseas utilizando enxertos autógenos com áreas doadoras extrabucais, como osso ilíaco e calota craniana, dentre outras. Porém, todas estas técnicas possuem limitações, baixa previsibilidade e, algumas, grande morbidade para o paciente. Atualmente, alguns trabalhos têm mostrado bons resultados com o uso da técnica de ROG em atrofi as severas de maxila, utilizando telas de titânio associadas ao levantamento de seio maxilar bilateral, empregando como material substituto ósseo a rhBMP-2 (proteína óssea morfogenética humana do tipo 2). Com esta técnica, evita-se a utilização do osso autógeno e suas possíveis complicações, além do fato da rhBMP-2 ser o único biomaterial, além do osso autógeno, com características de osteoindução. O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar um caso de paciente com atrofia severa de maxila submetida à técnica de ROG com tela de titânio e levantamento de seio maxilar bilateral, utilizando como material de enxertia a rhBMP-2 associada ao material heterógeno inorgânico. Após o período de neoformação óssea, a paciente foi submetida à cirurgia para instalação de sete implantes osseointegráveis convencionais e reabilitada com uma prótese total maxilar do tipo protocolo.

Several techniques have been proposed to rehabilitate patients with severely atrophic maxillae, such as the placement of zygomatic implants, bone regeneration using autogenous grafts with extraoral donor sites from the pelvic bone and skull cap, among others. However, all these techniques have limitations, low predictability and some contribute to high patient morbidity. Currently, some studies have shown positive results regarding the use of the GBR technique for severely atrophic maxilla using titanium meshes associated with bilateral maxillary sinus elevation using rhBMP-2 (recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2) as a bone substitute material. This technique does not require the use of autogenous bone and rhBMP-2 is the only bone substitute, which has osteoinduction characteristics. The aim of this study is to report a case of a patient with severely atrophic maxilla submitted to the GBR technique with titanium mesh and bilateral maxillary sinus elevation using rhBMP-2 as the grafting material associated with heterogeneous inorganic material. After new bone formation, the patient underwent surgery for the placement of 7 conventional osseointegrated implants and was rehabilitated with a implantretained maxillary prosthesis.

Reconstruction of Frontal Bone With Custom-Made Prosthesis Using Rapid Prototyping.

Frontal bone fracture treatment is still an issue of research in craniofacial surgery and neurosurgery. The aims of the treatment are to reduce the complication risks and to keep the aesthetic of the face. Before the management of this fracture type, it is necessary to consider the permanence or not of the frontal sinus function. Rapid prototyping has been an aid tool on planning and simulation of the surgical procedure, improving the diagnostic quality and the implant manufacture, beyond reducing the operative time. Among the used materials on treatment of these fractures, titanium mesh shows large versatility and ease of handling. Poly(methyl methacrylate) has been used in defects of partial thickness or irregularities on cranial surface. The aim of this study is to report a case of a patient presenting sequelae of large fracture of anterior wall of frontal bone, treated by a titanium mesh associated with the customized poly(methyl methacrylate) implant from the rapid prototyping. It could be concluded that the use of this technique showed itself effective on patient treatment, and rapid prototyping demonstrated being a valuable tool showing predictable and satisfactory results.

Association of Titanium Mesh and Bovine Pericardium Membrane in the Treatment of Severe Enophthalmos.

The blowout fractures may be classified as pure or impure depending on the associated structures. There are 2 main theories attempting to describe the mechanism of injury, the hydraulic, and blocking mechanism. The complications of this type of fracture may involve diplopia, enophthalmos, and ocular movement restriction. Several materials are available for the reconstruction of orbital floor, including the titanium mesh, which present great properties, such as easy modeling and stabilization, small thickness, and shape maintenance. There, however, are disadvantages such as the possibility of adherence formation. The aim of this report is to describe the case of a patient with an 8-month blowout fracture sequel, presenting extensive enophthalmos and treated by affixing a titanium mesh associated with bovine pericardium membrane in the orbital floor. Therefore, based on a 2-year follow-up, it was possible to observe how effective the association between these 2 materials in solving the case was.

Epidemiologia dos traumatismos de face em pacientes jovens no Estado do Ceará / Epidemiology of facial trauma in young patients in the State of Ceará

Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a prevalência de fraturas de ossos da face de crianças e adolescentes atendidas no Hospital Instituto Dr. José Frota, em Fortaleza- CE. Metodologia: Foi realizada a análise de prontuários dos pacientes internados no Instituto Dr. José Frota no período de janeiro de 2010 a dezembro de 2012, sendo avaliada a prevalência de fraturas de ossos da face quanto ao gênero, faixa etária, procedência, etiologia, tipo de tratamento e tempo médio de internação hospitalar. Resultados: Foram avaliados 119 prontuários. O gênero masculino foi acometido em 93 casos. Sessenta e seis pacientes foram provenientes de Fortaleza. A média de internação foi de 4,5 dias. O acidente motociclístico foi observado em 34 casos. Os ossos mais fraturados foram os ossos próprios do nariz seguidos das fraturas mandibulares. A redução incruenta foi realizada em65 casos e a redução cruenta em 44 casos. Conclusão: De acordo com a análise dos resultados foi possível concluir que os jovens com fraturas maxilofaciais têm sido tratados com técnicas menos invasivas, diminuindo desta forma o tempo de internação, com alto índice de sucesso e menores gastos hospitalares... (AU)

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of fractures of the facial bones in children and adolescents treated at the Institute Dr. José Frota, Fortaleza - CE. Methodology: The analysis of medical records of patients admitted to the Institute Dr. José Frota from January 2010 to December 2012 was performed. Being assessed the prevalence of fractures of the facial bones as gender, age, origin, etiology, type of treatment, mean length of hospital stay.Results: 119 charts were evaluated. The male was involved in 93 cases. Sixty-six patients were from Fortaleza. The mean hospital stay was 4.5 days. The motorcycle accident was observed in 34 cases. Most broken bones were the very bones of the nose followed by mandibular fractures. A closed reduction was performed in 65 cases and open reduction in 44 cases. Conclusion: According tothe analysisof the resultsit was concludedthat young people withmaxillofacialfractureshavebeentreated withless invasive techniques, thereby decreasingthe length of stay, witha high success rateand lowerhospital costs... (AU)

Atividade anti-inflamatória, cicatrizan1te e antimicrobiana do extrato aquoso de aroeira-do-sertão a 20% (myracrodruon urundeuva fr. All.), aplicado em fraturas expostas induzidas em mandíbula de coelho / Anti-inflammatory, healing and antimicrobial properties of a 20% aqueous extract of aroeira-do-sertão (myracrodruon urundeuva fr.all.) applied to induced exposed fractures in rabbit jaws

A aroeira-do-sertão (Myracroduon urundeuva Fr. All), árvore da família Anacardiácea, é conhecida pelo seu uso popular com atividades anti-inflamatórias e cicatrizantes. Diante dessas qualidades, foram analisadas suas atividades, utilizando-se um modelo experimental em fraturas expostas, induzidas em mandíbula de coelhos. Foram utilizados trinta coelhos, brancos, da raça Nova Zelândia, machos, com peso variando entre 1700 a 2100g, distribuídos em dois grupos de quinze animais. os coelhos foram submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico, sob anestesia geral, para a realização de fratura do corpo mandibular direito, ficando exposta para cavidade bucal por um período de quatro horas. em todos os animais, foi realizada a coleta do material do foco de fratura para análise microbiológica. os animais foram distribuídos ao acaso, conforme o tratamento proposto: no grupo I, foram utilizados 300 ml da solução de extrato aquoso de aroeira a 20% para irrigação do foco de fratura, durante 5 minutos. No grupo II, foi utilizado soro fisiológico a 0,9%, no mesmo volume e no mesmo tempo do grupo I, para irrigação do foco de fratura. em todos os animais, foi realizada a redução da fratura com fixação interna rígida, utilizando-se miniplacas de titânio do sistema 1,5 mm. Foram realizados controles radiográficos do pós-operatório dos 7, 14 e 30 dias para análise da consolidação da fratura. os grupos foram redistribuídos em subgrupos conforme o dia de eutanásia em SG7, SG14 e SG30, quando foi realizada a remoção do bloco ósseo da região operada para análise histológica por meio do método de coloração do Tricrômico de Masson. os animais foram analisados do ponto de vista clínico, radiológico e histológico. Na análise clínica, foi verificado o aspecto da ferida cirúrgica. o grupo I (aroeira) mostrou resultado pouco significante na cicatrização da ferida, quando comparado com o grupo II. No aspecto radiológico, o grupo tratado com aroeira não apresentou efeitos significativos quanto à consolidação. Do ponto de vista histológico, houve uma redução da concentração de bactérias no foco da fratura, no grupo tratado com aroeira. o extrato aquoso de aroeira a 20% não tem efeito significativo na consolidação óssea de fraturas expostas induzidas em mandíbula de coelhos, no entanto houve benefício na cicatrização da ferida e uma diminuição significativa das colônias bacterianas no foco das fraturas.

The aroeira-do-sertão (Myracrodruon urundeuva Fr.All), a tree of the Anacardiceae family, is known for its popular use as an anti-inflammatory agent, owing to its healing properties, representing a good therapeutic option. To investigate these properties we analyzed an experimental model, using induced exposed fractures in rabbit jaws. Thirty white New Zealand male rabbits weighing between 1,700 and 2,100 g, divided into two groups of fifteen animals each were used. The rabbits underwent a surgical procedure under general anesthesia to fracture their right mandibular body, which remained exposed to the oral cavity for 4 hours. Material from the fracture site was collected for microbiological analysis. The animals were randomly distributed according to the treatment proposed. In Group I, 300 ml of 20% aqueous extract of Myracrodruon urundeuva was used for the irrigation of the focus of the fracture for 5 minutes. In Group II, the same volume of 0.9% saline solution was used as in Group I. All animals underwent fracture reduction with internal rigid fixation using 1.5 mm titanium mini-plates. Before euthanasia, postoperative radiographs were taken at 7, 14, and 30 days in order to analyze the healing of the fractures, after which the bone fragment from the region operated on was removed for histological analysis using the Masson Tricromic method. The animals were analyzed from the clinical, radiological and histological perspectives. In the clinical analysis the appearance of the surgical would was examined. Group I (Myracrodruon urundeuva) showed little improvement in healing when compared to Group II. Radiographically, Group II presented no significant effects on bone healing. Histologically, a decrease in bacterial concentration in the fracture was seen in Group I. It was concluded that a 20% Myracrodruon urundeuva aqueous extract has no significant effect on the healing of induced exposed fractures of rabbit jaws, but shows benefits in wound healing, significantly reducing the colonies of bacteria at the fracture site.

Instalação imediata de obturador palatino após ressecção de carcinoma espinocelular - Relato de caso / Immediate installation of palatal obturator after squamous cell carcinoma resection - Case report

As grandes ressecções para o tratamento de tumores na face e na cavidade oral geralmentecausam diversos transtornos para os pacientes, que vão desde alterações estéticas, queprejudicam o convívio social normal, até grandes alterações funcionais, que dificultama boa evolução clínica do paciente. Abordagens cirúrgicas para remoção de tumoresmalignos da região de cabeça e pescoço, dependendo da extensão do tumor e do seugrau de invasividade, podem trazer diversos tipos de comorbidades para o paciente, taiscomo: disfonia, disfagia, dispnéia, dentre outras. Este artigo tem o objetivo de relataro caso de um paciente de 73 anos, sexo masculino, portador de extenso carcinomaespinocelular envolvendo todo o palato duro e parte dos assoalhos de cavidade nasal eseio maxilar esquerdo que foi submetido à maxilectomia e instalação de um obturadorpalatino imediatamente após a ressecção, com objetivo de diminuir o tempo de retorno àdeglutição, isolar a cavidade nasal da cavidade oral no pós-operatório imediato, evitar avoz anasalada e proteger as estruturas cruentas.

Large resections for treatment of tumors in the face and oral cavity often cause variousdisorders for patients, ranging from cosmetic changes that affect the normal social life tomajor functional changes that difficult the good clinical evolution of the patient. Surgicalapproaches for resection of malignant tumors of the head and neck depending on theextent of the tumor and its degree of invasion can provide various types of comorbiditiesfor the patient, such as dysphonia, dysphasia, dyspnea, and others. This article aims toreport the case of a 73 year-old-male, suffering from extensive squamous cell carcinomainvolving the hard palate and part of the floors of the nasal cavity and left maxillary sinuswho underwent maxillectomy and installation of a palatal obturator immediately afterresection, aiming to reduce the turnaround time for swallowing, isolate the nasal cavityfrom the oral cavity in the immediate postoperative period, avoiding the nasal voice andprotecting the exposed anatomical structures.